Short essay questions

Three of these will be on the exam and you'll write on two of them.

1. What was the major difference between Owen's utopian socialism and Marx's scientific socialism?

2. Name three technological/medical changes that allowed European colonization of Africa in the late 1800s. Which was most important and why?

3. Why did Rammohun Roy found the Brahmo Samaj?

4. How did Social Darwinist ideas affect public policy in the United States in the early twentieth century?

5. What was life like for industrial workers in the new manufacturing cities of the nineteenth century?

Religious revivals - 19th Century

Religious Revival in the 19th Century


Christianity and the “Modern”
“Apes versus Angels”

Pius IX: “THE SYLLABUS OF ERRORS” (1864)

continuation of anti-Semitism
POGROMS: 1866: Poland, Ukraine / 1871: Odessa

Hinduism and Colonialism in India

RAMMOHUN ROY (1772-1833)
BRAHMO SAMAJ (1828)

ARYA SAMAJ (1875)

Varieties of Islam

Ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703-1792): WAHHABISM

Mahdi: Sudan, 1881-98

Muslim Brotherhood – Egypt

Indian Islam: SAYYID AHMED KHAN (1817-1898)
Aligarh Muslim University

Imperialism and Resistance

Imperialism and Resistance


Late 19th century: Age of Imperialism (part 2)

Motives
State rivalries
France and REVANCHE
Leopold II and the BELGIAN CONGO
Britain, India and the Suez Canal

Economics: global depression of 1870s-80s
Cheap resources and captive markets

Means
Technology
Steamships, QUININE and the machine gun
1898: Battle of Omdurman
1896: Battle of ADOWA

State control
1857: INDIAN REBELLION

Justifications

SOCIAL DARWINISM
The “CIVILIZING MISSION”

Darwin's World

Darwin, Evolution and “Social Darwinism”


CHARLES DARWIN (1809-82)
1859: “The Origin of Species”
NATURAL SELECTION
1871: “The Descent of Man”

The Uses of Darwinism

the rise of “SOCIAL DARWINISM”
HERBERT SPENCER (1820-1903): “SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST”
intersection with liberalism and nationalism
competition and struggle as human condition
National survival
Darwinian model of international politics
imperialism and scientific racism
EUGENICS and national strength
“Three generations of imbeciles are enough.”

Your moment of zen

For a rewarding break from the stresses of world history, I would recommend a visit to this site. Very soothing....



http://animal.discovery.com/cams/pandavidr.html

Liberalism, Nationalism etc.

Liberalism, Nationalism and Socialism


Context for emerging political ideas:

Industrialization: Middle and working classes
Revolutions in the USA and France
Napoleonic Wars in Europe

Liberalism: new towns, new wealth and status

Liberty, order and individualism
Constitutions and Parliaments
BENJAMIN CONSTANT
JOHN STUART MILL
Responsibility and Participation
1832 REFORM ACT
Economics
CORN LAWS

Nationalism: French Revolution and French Conquests

Latin America: SIMON BOLIVAR (1783-1830)
Germany: “BURSENSCHAFTEN”
Daniel O’Connell and Irish Nationalism
Giuseppe Mazzini and the Risorgimento

Socialism and Industry

Utopian Socialists: ROBERT OWEN
Scientific Socialists: KARL MARK
“COMMUNIST MANIFESTO” (1848)