Liberalism, Nationalism etc.

Liberalism, Nationalism and Socialism


Context for emerging political ideas:

Industrialization: Middle and working classes
Revolutions in the USA and France
Napoleonic Wars in Europe

Liberalism: new towns, new wealth and status

Liberty, order and individualism
Constitutions and Parliaments
BENJAMIN CONSTANT
JOHN STUART MILL
Responsibility and Participation
1832 REFORM ACT
Economics
CORN LAWS

Nationalism: French Revolution and French Conquests

Latin America: SIMON BOLIVAR (1783-1830)
Germany: “BURSENSCHAFTEN”
Daniel O’Connell and Irish Nationalism
Giuseppe Mazzini and the Risorgimento

Socialism and Industry

Utopian Socialists: ROBERT OWEN
Scientific Socialists: KARL MARK
“COMMUNIST MANIFESTO” (1848)